What is Berger’s Disease?
Berger’s disease, also known as IgA nephropathy, is a condition in which you develop deposits of antibodies called immunoglobulin A (IgA) in your kidneys. These clumps of antibodies damage the tiny blood vessels in your kidneys that are critical for filtering waste from the blood. When the vessels can’t function properly, your kidneys don’t work as well, and they begin to leak blood and protein into your urine [1].
This condition often develops during the teenage years to the early 30s and is more common in men than in women. The causes of Berger’s disease vary, but certain factors can increase the risk of developing it, including [1]:
- Family history of Berger’s disease
- Celiac disease
- Hepatitis
- Cirrhosis
- HIV infections
- Asian or European ancestry
Symptoms of Berger’s Disease
Berger’s disease may not cause any significant symptoms. Some people are diagnosed after a routine urine test, which shows the presence of bloodand/orprotein. Common signs of Berger’s disease include [2]:
- Noticeable blood in urine
- Foamy urine caused by the presence of protein
- Swelling in the legs, feet, ankles, or other parts of your body
These symptoms are not definitive signs of Berger’s disease. They can indicate a number of health issues, including urinary tract infections or other types of kidney disease. If you notice new or worsening symptoms of kidney problems, you should see your doctor for a complete evaluation and diagnosis.
Complications of Berger’s Disease
Without proper management, Berger’s disease can lead to health complications, such as [3]:
- High blood pressure: The damage caused by Berger's disease can increase blood pressure, which can further damage the kidneys.
- High cholesterol: Berger’s disease can also increase cholesterol levels.
- Kidney failure: The disease can lead to acute or chronic kidney failure. People experiencing kidney failure will need dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Managing Berger’s Disease
There is no known cure for Berger’s disease, but there are treatments that can slow the progression of the condition. These treatments may include [3]:
- High blood pressure medication: Drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) can lower blood pressure and reduce protein in the urine.
- Immunosuppressants: If Berger’s disease is related to an autoimmune condition, taking medications to reduce immune reactions can help.
- Diuretics: Medication that flushes excess fluids from the body can reduce swelling.
- Lifestyle changes: Changes to diet and lifestyle may improve the symptoms of Berger’s disease. Reducing sodium intake, quitting smoking, and eating a kidney-friendly diet may be beneficial.
Berger’s disease can be managed to improve an individual's quality of life. A 2019 study found that IgA nephropathy life expectancy is nearly comparable to that of people without the condition [4].
Urine testing can help people with Berger’s disease monitor their urine. At-home urine test strips like Diagnox's Urinox-10 provide a quick, easy-to-read method of checking for blood or protein in the urine. Dipstick-style home tests can provide accurate results in as little as one minute. The results can help you monitor your condition at home and make informed conversations with your healthcare provider to fine-tune treatment plans.
